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Introduction to the Dragon Boat Festival:

The on the fifth day of the fifth day of the lunar calendar, it is the traditional festival of Chinese folks -Dragon Boat Festival, which is one of the ancient traditional festivals of the Chinese nation. Dragon Boat Festival is also called Duan Wu, Duanyang. In addition, there are many other names in the Dragon Boat Festival, such as: noon festivals, five festivals, May festivals, Yulan festivals, daughter festivals, Tianzhong Festival, Earth La, Poet Festival, Longri and so on. Although the names are different, in general, the customs of people in various places are more different.

This of the Dragon Boat Festival is the traditional habit of the Chinese for more than 2,000 years. Due to the vast region, many ethnic groups, and many stories and legends, not only have many different names, but also various places in various places. There are also different customs. The main contents are: daughter returned to her mother's house, hanging bells, welcoming ghost boats, hiding at noon, post -lobe runes, hanging pupa, wormwood, swimming diseases, wearing sachets, preparing for racing, competition, hitting the ball, hitting the ball, hitting the ball, hitting the ball, hitting the ball , Swinging Qianqian, applying male yellow wine, drinking male rice wine, pupae wine, eating five poisonous cakes, salted eggs, rice dumplings, and seasonal fresh fruits. In addition to superstitious activities, the rest have disappeared, and the rest have passed on to China and neighboring countries. Some activities, such as Dragon Boat, have developed new development, breaking through time and regional boundaries, and have become international sports events.

The origin of the Dragon Boat Festival, such as: commemorating Qu Yuan's theory; commemorating Wu Zixu said; commemorating Cao E; starting in the third generation of summer solstice; National totem festival and so on. Each of the above, each of them. According to scholars Wen Yiduo's "Dragon Boat Festival" and "Historical Education in the Dragon Boat Festival", more than a hundred ancient books and expert archeological certificates listed in the Dragon Boat Festival. Essence However, for thousands of years, Qu Yuan's patriotism and touching poems have been widely rooted in the hearts of the people. Occupy the mainstream. In the field of folk culture, the Chinese people are linked to the Dragon Boat Festival and eating dumplings with the commemorative Qu Yuan.

It to this day, the Dragon Boat Festival is still a very grand festival among the Chinese people.

The origin and legend of the Duan Boat Festival:

The Duan Boat Festival is an ancient traditional festival. It began in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period of China. It has a history of more than 2,000 years. There are many origin and legends of the Dragon Boat Festival. Only the following four are introduced here:

originated from the commemorative Qu Yuan

. According to the "Biography of the Historical Records", Qu Yuan The minister of King Chu Huai during the Spring and Autumn Period. He advocated that he was able to teach his energy, the rich and strong soldiers, and forced to fight Qin Qin. He was strongly opposed by the nobles Zi Lan and others. In the exile, he wrote immortal poems such as "Li Sao", "Sky Question", and "Nine Songs" that worried about the country and the people. In 278 B.C., the Qin Army conquered the capital of Chu. Qu Yuan saw that his motherland was invaded and his heart was cut like a knife, but he could not bear to abandon his motherland. On May 5th, after writing the best writing "Huai Sans", Hao Shi vo the Luo River died and lived in his life. Write a magnificent patriotic movement.

The legend After the death of Qu Yuan, the people of Chu State were sad and abnormal, and they rushed to the Royal River to hang Qu Yuan. The fishermen raised their boats and salvaged his true body back and forth on the river. A fisherman took out the food and eggs prepared for Qu Yuan, and threw it into the river "fluttering and fluttering", saying that it would be full of fish, lobster and crab, and would not bite the doctor's body. After seeing it, they followed. An old doctor brought a altar and rice wine to fall into the river, saying that he wanted to halo the dragon water beast to avoid damage to Dr. Qu. Later, for the sake of the rice ball for the dragon, people wanted to use the leaves of the leaves to wrap the rice, wrap the color silk, and develop into brown seeds.

In on the fifth day of May each year, there are customs of dragon boat racing, eating dumplings, and drinking male wine; in order to commemorate the patriotic poet Qu Yuan.

is derived from the second legend of commemorating Wu Zixu

The second legend of the Duan Boat Festival. It is widely circulated in Jiangsu and Zhejiang. Wu Zixu. Wu Zizhen, a famous member of the Chu, and his father and brother were killed by King Chu. Later, Zi Zhen abandoned secretly, rushed to Wu Guo, helped Wu Fa Chu, and entered the city of Chu Capital in the five wars. At that time, King Chu Ping was dead, and Zixu digs 300 tombs to report to kill his father and brother. After Wu Wang's death, his son's husband succeeded, Wu's soldiers were high, and the battle was full of battle. Zixu suggested that the country should be completely eliminated. Zixu was a loyalty and regarded his death. Before he died, he said to the neighboring people: "After my death, I dug my eyes and hung them on the east gate of Wu Jing to see that the Vietnamese army entered the city and destroyed Wu." After hearing the words, the body of Zizi Zi was put in the leather to enter the river on May 5th. Therefore, it is said that the Dragon Boat Festival is also the day to commemorate Wu Zixu.

The third legend commemorating the filial piety daughter Cao E

is to commemorate the Eastern Han Dynasty (23-1220 AD), the filial daughter Cao Ee saved her father to invest in the river. Cao E was from Shangyu in the Eastern Han Dynasty. His father was drowned in the river and did not see the body for several days. At that time, the filial daughter Cao E was only fourteen years old and cried along the river day and night. After seventeen days, the river was also cast on May 5th, and his father's corpse was held after five days. In this regard, it was passed on to the myth, and then passed down to the county government's knowledge, and the order of Du still made a monument, so that his disciple Handan Chun made a praise.

The tomb of Filial Girl Cao E was in Shaoxing, Zhejiang today. Later generations to commemorate Cao E's filial piety, Cao Emiao was built in the place where Cao E voted in the river. The village and towns she lived were renamed Cao E town.

Thentes originated from the ancient Vietnamese national totem festival

The large number of cultural relics and archeological studies in modern times confirmed that the vast area of ​​the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, in the Neolithic era, there is a kind of geometric printing pottery. Cultural relics. The relic of the relic, according to an expert in order to be a tribe of the totem of the dragon, the history of the Baiyue clan. The decoration and historical legends on the unearthed pottery show that they have the custom of breaking the tattoo, living in the water village, and the self -comparison of the descendants of the dragon. Its production tools are a large number of stone tools, as well as small bronze wares such as shovel and chisel. Among the altar cans of daily necessities, the printed pottery of cooking food is one of them and one of the signs of their ethnic groups. Until the Qin and Han dynasties, there were still hundreds of people, and the Dragon Boat Festival was a festival for their ancestors. In the historical development of thousands of years, most Baiyue people have been integrated into the Han nationality, and the rest have evolved into many ethnic minorities in the south. Therefore, the Dragon Boat Festival has become a festival of the Chinese nation.

The custom of the Duan Boat Festival:

The people in our country for the Dragon Boat Festival are relatively grand, and the celebration activities are also various. The more common activities have the following forms:

Dragon boat:

The dragon boat is the main custom of the Dragon Boat Festival. According to legend, it originated from the ancient Chu people who died of virtuous Qu Yuan, and many people pursued and saved. After they were scrambling, they didn't see trace when they chased to Dongting Lake. After that, the dragon boat is commemorative on May 5th each year. Borrow the dragon boat to dispel the fish in the river to prevent the fish from eating Qu Yuan's body. The practice of competing is prevailing in Wu, Yue, Chu.

In fact, "Dragon Boat Running" has been available as early as the Warring States Period. The dragon -shaped canoeing is engraved in the sound of rapid drums, making competition games, and entertaining gods and musicians. It is a semi -religious and semi -entertaining program in the worship.

Later, in addition to commemorating Qu Yuan, the Dragon Boat also paid different meanings in various places.

The dragon boat in Jiangsu and Zhejiang, which also commemorates the significance of Qiu Jin, a modern female democratic revolutionary who was born in the local area. On the night dragon boat, the lanterns are linked, the travels shuttle, the water underwater, the scene is moving, and it is unique. The Miao people of Guizhou held the "Dragon Ship Festival" in May 25th to 28th of the lunar calendar to celebrate the victory of transplanting and wished the grains. Yunnan Dai compatriots raced dragon boats in the splashing water festival to commemorate the ancient hero rock red nest. Different nations and regions have different legends of dragon boats. Until today, in many areas in the south, every year, every year, they will hold their own dragon boat competitions.

The twenty -ninth year of the Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty (1736), Taiwan began to hold a dragon boat race. At that time, Jiang Yuanjun, Taiwan Zhifu, hosted a friendly match at the Monthly Pond of Fahua Temple in Tainan City. Now on May 5th, Taiwan will hold a dragon boat competition. In Hong Kong, competition is also held.

The dragon boat has also been introduced to neighboring Japan, Vietnam and the United Kingdom. In 1980, Dragon Boat was included in the National Sports Competition of China and held the Dragon Boat Race every year. On June 16, 1991 (the fifth day of the fifth day of the lunar calendar), the first International Dragon Boat Festival was held in the second hometown of Qu Yuan. Before the competition, a "leader" that preserved both traditional rituals and injecting new modern factors was held. The "leader" was carried into the Quzi Temple. After the athlete "red" (Pan Red Belt) was "on the red", the main sacrifice read the sacrifice and "opened the light" (that is, the light). Then, all the staff who participated in the dragon bowed three bowed, the faucet was lifted to the Luo River and ran to the dragon boat. There are as many as 600,000 people participating in the competition, trading and gala, which can be described as unprecedented. Later, Hunan regularly held the International Dragon Boat Festival. The Dragon Boat will spread to the world.

The dumplings in the Boat Festival

The dumplings for the Duan Boat Festival, this is another traditional custom of the Chinese people. The rice dumplings, also known as "horn" and "tube dumplings". It has a long history and a lot of tricks.

According to records, as early as the Spring and Autumn Period, it was used as a horn -shaped as a cow -horn with 菰 leaf (茭 white leaves), which is called "horns"; In the late Eastern Han Dynasty, soaked rice with grass and gray water. Because of the alkali in the water, it was wrapped in a four -horned shape with a ravioli.

The Jin Dynasty, the rice dumplings were officially designated as Dragon Boat Festival food. At this time, in addition to glutinous rice, Bao Zongzi's raw materials also added traditional Chinese medicine puzzles. The cooked rice dumplings are called "puzzle". At the time of the "Yueyang Turkey" at the Zhou Dynasty, it is recorded: "The vulgar leaves are wrapped in rice leaves, ... it is cooked, and it is familiar. There are miscellaneous dumplings. The rice is mixed with beasts, chestnuts, red dates, red beans, etc., and there are many varieties. Zongzi is also used as a gift.

In the Tang Dynasty, the rice of the rice dumplings has been "white Ying is like jade", and its shape appears cone -shaped and diamond -shaped. There is "Datang Dangzi" in Japanese literature. During the Song Dynasty, there were already "honey", that is, the fruit products were entered. The poet Su Dongpo has a poem "Seeing Baymeli in the Dang". At this time, there were also advertisements piled up in Tower Pavilion and wooden trucks, indicating that Song Dai was very fashionable to eat rice dumplings. During the Yuan and Ming dynasties, the wrapping materials of the rice dumplings had changed from the leaf to the leaves. Later, the rice dumplings were used to use reed leaves. Bean paste, pork, pine nuts, jujube, walnuts, etc. have appeared. The varieties are more colorful.

. Until today, early May, the Chinese people's homes are soaked with glutinous rice, washing leaves, and buns. From the perspective of the filling, the Beijing jujube dumplings in the north are multi -bag; the south has a variety of fillings such as bean paste, fresh meat, ham, and egg yolk, including Zhejiang Jiaxing dumplings. The custom of eating rice dumplings has prevailed in China for thousands of years, and has spread to North Korea, Japan and Southeast Asia.

This sachet:

The child wearing sachets in the Dragon Boat Festival. It is said that it has the meaning of avoiding evil and driving plague, which is actually used for decoration. There are cinnabar, majestic yellow, and fragrant medicine in the sachets. The outsourcing is filled with silk cloth, and the fragrance is overflowing. Then the five -color silk string is buckled into a cable to form a variety of different shapes, forming a string, forming, exquisite and cute.

Thisye leaf 菖 菖:

This saying: "Qingming insertion willow, Dragon Boat Festival insert Ai". In the Dragon Boat Festival, people take Ai and Pu as one of the important contents. Every family sprinkled the court, inserted into the door with puppets and moxa strips, hanging in the hall. And use 艾, wormwood, grenade, garlic, dragon boat flowers to make humanoids or tigers, called Ai Ren, Aihu; making flower rings and decorations, beautiful fragrances, women are struggling to drive.

Ai Ai, also known as Ai, Amaza. Its stems and leaves contain volatile aroma. It produces strange aroma, which can drive mosquito flies, insect ants, and purify the air. In traditional Chinese medicine, Ai is used as medicine, which has the functions of rational qi and blood, warming the uterus, and getting rid of cold and dampness. Moisture to "moxa" is an important medicinal material for moxibustion and treatment.

This is a perennial aquatic herb. Its narrow leaves also contain volatile aroma oil. It is a drug that refresh the gods, stagnation, and sterilization of insects.

It can be seen that the ancients inserting Ai and Pu had a certain disease prevention effect. The Dragon Boat Festival is also a "health festival" that has been passed down since ancient times. People sprinkle the courtyard on this day, hanging Ai Zhi, hanging puppets, sprinkled male yellow water, drinking male rice wine, turbidity and rotting, sterilization and prevention. These activities also reflect the fine traditions of the Chinese nation. The Dragon Boat Festival is the common custom of the people of all countries in my country.

This Duan Boat Festival poem:

Duan Boat Festival
(Tang) Wenxiu
Who says the Dragon Boat Festival? Kang Chujiang's empty space, could not wash his straight ministers.

Seven rhythms. Dragon Boat Festival
(Tang) Yin Yaofan
The is passionate, who is always emotional; Speaking rises.
The filament adds white head every day, and the dull brocade is clear every year;

Cuchu song (holiday)
(Tang) Zhang Jianfeng
on May 5th, the Yanghua cried around the river;
On the county fast, the Jiang Shang smelled the same harmony earlier;
Themids were accurate when the king came out. n The red flags of the drums are opened, and the two dragons jump out of the water;
棹 千 千The tongue is like instantaneous;
The people on the slope are shocked by the thunderbolt, and the poles are hanging in the rainbow;
The front boat grabbing water has been marked, and the back ship lost the momentum.

Themids. Duanyang
(Qing) Li Jingshan
Cherry mulberry and 菖 菖, and buy a pot of male rice wine.
The yellow paper posts outside the door, but the lord is afraid of the spiritual symbol.

Seven -rhythm. Dragon Boat Festival
Lao She
The Duan Boat Boat Festival pretty wind and rain, village children still wear old clothes;
;
The guests are ingenious and have no money to buy wine and sell articles;
The three feet of fish at that time, not like the flavor of bean.