1 thought on “What is the dilemma encountered in the US economy after entering the virtual capitalist stage?”
Cheryl
The rise of the United States and Soviet Union and the Third World · The economic development trend of the main capitalist countries in the 1950s and 1980s The key analysis of the difficulties . Key analysis: (1) The main reason for the high -speed development of major capitalist countries after World War II is the focus. The rapid development of major capitalist countries after the war was due to the promotion of the third scientific and technological revolution, the strong industrial foundation and technological foundation of these countries, the vigorous support of the United States, and the country's strengthening of the macro -guidance of the economy. Learning this content is conducive to cultivating students' ability to comprehensively and objectively evaluate historical issues. (2) The development of the economy of Western European countries and Japan and the shaking of American overlord status. The development of Western Europe and Japan's economy is the concrete of the previous focus, which helps students understand the previous key knowledge. The decline of the US overlord's status indicates that the world pattern is developing in a multi -pole direction, and it is caused by the rapid development of Western Europe and Japan. The trend of multi -poleization in the world today is becoming increasingly obvious, and the competition between countries and the country is mainly reflected in the comprehensive national strength represented by economic development. Learning this content helps to cultivate students' ancient use, understand and understand the world of today. . Analysis of difficulties: The meaning and role of monopoly capitalism in the country is difficult. After the Second War, the subjective reason for the rapid recovery of the economic economy of the major capitalist countries was that governments of various countries strengthened their macro guidance to the economy and actively developed national monopoly capitalism. State monopoly capitalism is a close combination of state power and monopoly capital. Although it cannot resolve the inherent contradictions of the capitalist system, it has promoted economic development to a certain extent. In teaching, students should be guided to discuss the essence and role of national monopoly capitalism, so as to draw the correct conclusions. . The restoration and development of the economic economy of major capitalist countries . The main reasons for the high -speed economic development
The industrial production of major capitalist countries in Western Europe, in the early 1950s, has returned to the pre -war level. The reasons for the students summarized two points. The first is the good technical foundation in Western European countries; the second is the assistance of the Marshall plan in the United States. Western Europe is the birthplace of capitalism and the cradle of industrialization. The two industrial revolutions that have far -reaching industrial revolution have occurred here, so technical experience is rich. Materials such as factories, machines, etc. can be destroyed by war, and technology cannot be destroyed. For example, German Industrial Technology and Science are very developed. Before the Second World War, there were more than 20 scientists who won the Nobel Prize. The accumulation of strong technical experience can resume production as long as there are funds injected. So, where did Western Europe restore production? Machur in the United States plans to provide more than $ 13 billion in funds for Western Europe. Based on today's US dollar value, it is more than 200 billion yuan. More than 90 % of them are free of charge. It's a astronomical figure. It can be seen that the restoration of Western European economy is not from scratch. In summary, there are two reasons: the first is the promotion of the third scientific and technological revolution; the second is the result of the implementation of national monopoly capitalism. Let's look at the first reason first. The third scientific and technological revolution is mainly manifested in atomic energy industry, space technology, and electronic computers. The application of these technologies is a thousand miles a day and a rapid development of production. Its scale, depth, and impact far exceed the previous two scientific and technological revolutions. It is not difficult to imagine this. From here, we can also clearly see that science and technology are the primary productive forces, and the development of social production is inseparable from the progress of science and technology. State monopoly capitalism is the close combination of state power with monopoly capital, which has promoted economic development to a certain extent. Why can it only promote economic development to a certain extent?
The national monopoly capitalism was generated during the transition of imperialism as early as the end of the 19th century. In the 1930s, under the influence of the economic crisis, countries have strengthened the government's economic intervention to varying degrees, and national monopoly capitalism has developed. The new policy of the United States is the most typical. During the Second War, countries must carry out centralized management of the industrial sector in order to respond to the needs of the war, which laid the foundation for the development of national monopoly capitalism after the post -war countries. Moreover, the high -tech industries that appeared after the war needed huge investment in the country and effectively managed. In this way, the national monopoly capitalism after the Second World War has developed new development. In the British, French, and Italian countries, national -owned enterprises accounted for absolute advantages in coal mining, electric power, gas, railway, postal, and telecommunications industry. Federal Germany is low in nationalization, but the proportion of state -owned enterprises in the total national product has also reached 12 %. Many large European companies, such as the familiar French Renault Motor Corporation and German Volkswagen Corporation, are state -owned enterprises. But everyone just mentioned that national monopoly capitalism is not a perfect system. It cannot solve the inherent contradictions of capitalist society and cannot guarantee that the capitalist economy will never have problems. The stagnation phase of the economic crisis and the capitalist economy in 1973 explained this. The fastest economic development of major capitalist countries in the 1950s and 1970s was Federal Germany and Japan. . The rapid development of the Federal and Japanese economy
days, Germany is the defeat country of the Second World War. The war they launched harmed others and suffered themselves, causing great damage to the country's economy. By the end of the 1970s, the economy of the two countries was second only to the United States in the capitalist world. The reason should be based on what everyone just said, and there should be a few points in summary: First of all, the post -war national economy implements non -militaryization, and the government can concentrate limited financial resources and material resources for economic construction. The second point is to vigorously develop science and technology; the third point, vigorously develop education and cultivate talents. This is especially more prominent in Japan. In the last point, the rapid recovery of the economy of the two countries was inseparable from the assistance and support of the United States. How does the United States support Germany and Japan? Why should the United States support them?
The United States supports Japan is mainly military order and loans, and also helps it to carry out social reforms to abolish feudal backward factors in production relations; support for Germany is based on Marshall plan. The purpose of the United States is to turn them into anti -communist bridgeheads. Both Germany and Japan are in the forefront of confrontation between the East and the West. Therefore, under the effect of the above factors, the economic development of the two countries is rapid. 3. The stable development of the US economy
. Although the post -war economy in the United States has developed stable development, in the face of the aggressive development momentum of Western Europe and Japan, the US dominant position has also been challenged. . The shaking of the status of American overlords 1. European community
The background textbooks established by European communities. For more than 300 years, Europe has been the center of world politics and economy. Two world wars have lost the status of the European center, and the two countries outside Western Europe have dominated the world. At the beginning of the Western European people's dreams, they found that the war caused them to lose more. Only by union can they make them stronger and become a force independent of the United States and the Soviet Union. As a result, the European Communist Party's fans appeared. The union of major European capitalist countries has expanded their strength and the rise of the Asian Japanese economy, which has challenged the US dominance status. . The swaying of the US overlord status
The overlord status in the United States has been challenged from economic and political aspects. Economically, in 1973, the capitalist world currency system centered on the dollar collapsed. Since the establishment of the system in 1944, $ 35 is equal to one ounce of gold, that is, a $ 1 of banks in the world's major capitalist countries can be exchanged for 0.9 grams of gold, so the dollar was called US dollars at that time. Now that this system has collapsed, it is not appropriate to call the US dollar. Politically, the capitalist world has gradually formed a trend of the United States, Japan, and Europe. Of course, to this day, Japan and Europe follow the United States that it is relatively tight in the United States, but it is often said that two "No" is often said, not just like the end of the Second World War. U.S. President Nixon, who came to power in 1969, was deeply touched. In general, the relationship between the United States and Western Europe and Japan has gone through the process from the beginning of the war from the beginning of the war to the partnership of the 1960s and 1970s to today's competitive relationship. In the early days of the war, the United States occupied Japan alone and implemented political and economic democratic reforms in Japan. In Europe, it was transformed into blood transfusion through Marshall plans to help Europe and Japan restore the economy. After the formation of the US -Soviet confrontation pattern, the United States vigorously supported Western Europe and Japan to provide them with security guarantees and loans, so that they became their anti -communist helpers. At this time, Europe and Japan basically had the order of the United States, and NATO was evidence. With the rapid development of their economy, they are unwilling to be subject to the United States, and they hope to establish an equal partnership with the United States. By the 1970s, this situation was formed. The United States has changed from a dominance to a unique family, so President Nixon said: "Compared with the end of the Second World War, the United States encountered the challenge that had never even thought of dreaming." To this day, Western Europe and Japan are economically competitive with the United States. Although the United States has revived the "male" wind, it is already "helpless." What conclusions can we draw? : The level of economic development of the country determines the strength of the national strength, and it also determines the high or low international status of a country. Therefore, it is necessary to put economic construction first, and development is the last word. In the 1950s to the 1970s, it was the golden period of world capitalism. However, this high speed did not last long. In 1973, an economic crisis caused the capitalist world to enter the "stagflation" period.
. Economic "stagflation" 1. The capitalist world economic crisis that started at the end of 1973
We before we have learned the rapid development of the capitalist economy, it has not resolved The inherent contradictions of the capitalist system. The root cause of the capitalist economic crisis is this contradiction. After this crisis, capitalism entered the "stagnation" stage. . The capitalist economy "stagnation" The capitalist economy has entered a "stagflation" stage, which also shows that the role of capitalist countries' regulation of the economy is increasingly failed, and the role of national monopoly capitalism on production is becoming increasingly weakened.
The rise of the United States and Soviet Union and the Third World · The economic development trend of the main capitalist countries in the 1950s and 1980s
The key analysis of the difficulties
. Key analysis:
(1) The main reason for the high -speed development of major capitalist countries after World War II is the focus. The rapid development of major capitalist countries after the war was due to the promotion of the third scientific and technological revolution, the strong industrial foundation and technological foundation of these countries, the vigorous support of the United States, and the country's strengthening of the macro -guidance of the economy. Learning this content is conducive to cultivating students' ability to comprehensively and objectively evaluate historical issues.
(2) The development of the economy of Western European countries and Japan and the shaking of American overlord status. The development of Western Europe and Japan's economy is the concrete of the previous focus, which helps students understand the previous key knowledge. The decline of the US overlord's status indicates that the world pattern is developing in a multi -pole direction, and it is caused by the rapid development of Western Europe and Japan. The trend of multi -poleization in the world today is becoming increasingly obvious, and the competition between countries and the country is mainly reflected in the comprehensive national strength represented by economic development. Learning this content helps to cultivate students' ancient use, understand and understand the world of today.
. Analysis of difficulties:
The meaning and role of monopoly capitalism in the country is difficult. After the Second War, the subjective reason for the rapid recovery of the economic economy of the major capitalist countries was that governments of various countries strengthened their macro guidance to the economy and actively developed national monopoly capitalism. State monopoly capitalism is a close combination of state power and monopoly capital. Although it cannot resolve the inherent contradictions of the capitalist system, it has promoted economic development to a certain extent. In teaching, students should be guided to discuss the essence and role of national monopoly capitalism, so as to draw the correct conclusions.
. The restoration and development of the economic economy of major capitalist countries
. The main reasons for the high -speed economic development
The industrial production of major capitalist countries in Western Europe, in the early 1950s, has returned to the pre -war level. The reasons for the students summarized two points. The first is the good technical foundation in Western European countries; the second is the assistance of the Marshall plan in the United States. Western Europe is the birthplace of capitalism and the cradle of industrialization. The two industrial revolutions that have far -reaching industrial revolution have occurred here, so technical experience is rich. Materials such as factories, machines, etc. can be destroyed by war, and technology cannot be destroyed. For example, German Industrial Technology and Science are very developed. Before the Second World War, there were more than 20 scientists who won the Nobel Prize. The accumulation of strong technical experience can resume production as long as there are funds injected. So, where did Western Europe restore production?
Machur in the United States plans to provide more than $ 13 billion in funds for Western Europe. Based on today's US dollar value, it is more than 200 billion yuan. More than 90 % of them are free of charge. It's a astronomical figure. It can be seen that the restoration of Western European economy is not from scratch. In summary, there are two reasons: the first is the promotion of the third scientific and technological revolution; the second is the result of the implementation of national monopoly capitalism. Let's look at the first reason first. The third scientific and technological revolution is mainly manifested in atomic energy industry, space technology, and electronic computers. The application of these technologies is a thousand miles a day and a rapid development of production. Its scale, depth, and impact far exceed the previous two scientific and technological revolutions. It is not difficult to imagine this. From here, we can also clearly see that science and technology are the primary productive forces, and the development of social production is inseparable from the progress of science and technology. State monopoly capitalism is the close combination of state power with monopoly capital, which has promoted economic development to a certain extent. Why can it only promote economic development to a certain extent?
The national monopoly capitalism was generated during the transition of imperialism as early as the end of the 19th century. In the 1930s, under the influence of the economic crisis, countries have strengthened the government's economic intervention to varying degrees, and national monopoly capitalism has developed. The new policy of the United States is the most typical. During the Second War, countries must carry out centralized management of the industrial sector in order to respond to the needs of the war, which laid the foundation for the development of national monopoly capitalism after the post -war countries. Moreover, the high -tech industries that appeared after the war needed huge investment in the country and effectively managed. In this way, the national monopoly capitalism after the Second World War has developed new development. In the British, French, and Italian countries, national -owned enterprises accounted for absolute advantages in coal mining, electric power, gas, railway, postal, and telecommunications industry. Federal Germany is low in nationalization, but the proportion of state -owned enterprises in the total national product has also reached 12 %. Many large European companies, such as the familiar French Renault Motor Corporation and German Volkswagen Corporation, are state -owned enterprises. But everyone just mentioned that national monopoly capitalism is not a perfect system. It cannot solve the inherent contradictions of capitalist society and cannot guarantee that the capitalist economy will never have problems. The stagnation phase of the economic crisis and the capitalist economy in 1973 explained this. The fastest economic development of major capitalist countries in the 1950s and 1970s was Federal Germany and Japan.
. The rapid development of the Federal and Japanese economy
days, Germany is the defeat country of the Second World War. The war they launched harmed others and suffered themselves, causing great damage to the country's economy. By the end of the 1970s, the economy of the two countries was second only to the United States in the capitalist world. The reason should be based on what everyone just said, and there should be a few points in summary: First of all, the post -war national economy implements non -militaryization, and the government can concentrate limited financial resources and material resources for economic construction. The second point is to vigorously develop science and technology; the third point, vigorously develop education and cultivate talents. This is especially more prominent in Japan. In the last point, the rapid recovery of the economy of the two countries was inseparable from the assistance and support of the United States. How does the United States support Germany and Japan? Why should the United States support them?
The United States supports Japan is mainly military order and loans, and also helps it to carry out social reforms to abolish feudal backward factors in production relations; support for Germany is based on Marshall plan. The purpose of the United States is to turn them into anti -communist bridgeheads. Both Germany and Japan are in the forefront of confrontation between the East and the West. Therefore, under the effect of the above factors, the economic development of the two countries is rapid.
3. The stable development of the US economy
. Although the post -war economy in the United States has developed stable development, in the face of the aggressive development momentum of Western Europe and Japan, the US dominant position has also been challenged.
. The shaking of the status of American overlords
1. European community
The background textbooks established by European communities. For more than 300 years, Europe has been the center of world politics and economy. Two world wars have lost the status of the European center, and the two countries outside Western Europe have dominated the world. At the beginning of the Western European people's dreams, they found that the war caused them to lose more. Only by union can they make them stronger and become a force independent of the United States and the Soviet Union. As a result, the European Communist Party's fans appeared. The union of major European capitalist countries has expanded their strength and the rise of the Asian Japanese economy, which has challenged the US dominance status.
. The swaying of the US overlord status
The overlord status in the United States has been challenged from economic and political aspects. Economically, in 1973, the capitalist world currency system centered on the dollar collapsed. Since the establishment of the system in 1944, $ 35 is equal to one ounce of gold, that is, a $ 1 of banks in the world's major capitalist countries can be exchanged for 0.9 grams of gold, so the dollar was called US dollars at that time. Now that this system has collapsed, it is not appropriate to call the US dollar. Politically, the capitalist world has gradually formed a trend of the United States, Japan, and Europe. Of course, to this day, Japan and Europe follow the United States that it is relatively tight in the United States, but it is often said that two "No" is often said, not just like the end of the Second World War. U.S. President Nixon, who came to power in 1969, was deeply touched. In general, the relationship between the United States and Western Europe and Japan has gone through the process from the beginning of the war from the beginning of the war to the partnership of the 1960s and 1970s to today's competitive relationship. In the early days of the war, the United States occupied Japan alone and implemented political and economic democratic reforms in Japan. In Europe, it was transformed into blood transfusion through Marshall plans to help Europe and Japan restore the economy. After the formation of the US -Soviet confrontation pattern, the United States vigorously supported Western Europe and Japan to provide them with security guarantees and loans, so that they became their anti -communist helpers. At this time, Europe and Japan basically had the order of the United States, and NATO was evidence. With the rapid development of their economy, they are unwilling to be subject to the United States, and they hope to establish an equal partnership with the United States. By the 1970s, this situation was formed. The United States has changed from a dominance to a unique family, so President Nixon said: "Compared with the end of the Second World War, the United States encountered the challenge that had never even thought of dreaming." To this day, Western Europe and Japan are economically competitive with the United States. Although the United States has revived the "male" wind, it is already "helpless." What conclusions can we draw?
: The level of economic development of the country determines the strength of the national strength, and it also determines the high or low international status of a country. Therefore, it is necessary to put economic construction first, and development is the last word. In the 1950s to the 1970s, it was the golden period of world capitalism. However, this high speed did not last long. In 1973, an economic crisis caused the capitalist world to enter the "stagflation" period.
. Economic "stagflation"
1. The capitalist world economic crisis that started at the end of 1973
We before we have learned the rapid development of the capitalist economy, it has not resolved The inherent contradictions of the capitalist system. The root cause of the capitalist economic crisis is this contradiction. After this crisis, capitalism entered the "stagnation" stage.
. The capitalist economy "stagnation"
The capitalist economy has entered a "stagflation" stage, which also shows that the role of capitalist countries' regulation of the economy is increasingly failed, and the role of national monopoly capitalism on production is becoming increasingly weakened.