recycled paper jewelry boxes wholesale I picked up in the river and sand in Weifang, Shandong. I can cut the glass. According to the knowledge I have, maybe crystal may be a diamond. How can I distinguish it?

wholesale modern jewelry 14k gold The 60%ingredients of crystals are "SiO2" (SIO2). The color of the crystal is caused by the metals of various traces in addition to silicon dioxide. In the natural environment, most of the crystals will be "symbiosis" such as the mineral square fangs, pyrite, iron ore, and various colors of Yunmu films, blue, granite, and golden redstone, and have formed some doubtful scenes. The so -called "alien crystal" increases the fun and value of collecting crystals.
E most crystal grows in the ground. The growth process requires a large number of groundwater sources containing saturated silicon dioxide. The temperature is between 550-600 ° C and it needs to be two to three times more pressure than atmospheric pressure. After a long time, it became the crystal of Hexagonal System.
Lite is a mineral that is easily turned into liquid -like minerals. It is also quite common of rock -making minerals, which are available in three categories of rocks. Because it crystals in the firestone, it usually lacks a complete crystal surface, mostly filled in the middle of other first crystals. The ingredients of quartz are the simplest silicon dioxide (SIO u003Csub> 2), glass luster, no ruling surface, but shell -shaped fracture. Micro -crystal quartz is called chalcedony (), agate, or jasper. Pure quartz is colorless, but it presents different colors because it often contains the impurities of transitional elements. Quartz is very stable and is not easy to weather or change to him.

Silicon is located in the fourth family of the element cycle table. It is widely distributed in the crust. It occupies the second place in the order of the abundance distribution of all element, second only to oxygen. Silicon is also a typical oxygen element. It is mainly combined with oxygen to form a silicon oxygen tetraonal SiO4 攩 4-mix, and produces different silicate minerals by combining silicon oxygen tetraon in various forms. Silicon oxygen -SIO2 -distributed silicon also accounts for an important position, and is very stable. It is the most common and most common and most common rock -making minerals in nature. The main ingredients of treasure jade are many types and different characteristics. According to SIO2 crystals, it can be divided into single -crystal quartz, polysitent quartz jade jade, hidden crystal chalcedony, agate, Australian jade, jasper, woody stones, siliconized wood, and intangible Opal, naturally, naturally Glass. The following describes according to national standards:

1. Single crystal SIO2 gemstone is transparent, crystal intact SIO2 monocrystalline (including dual crystal), mineral name is single crystal quartz, that is, the broad crystal, the narrow crystal crystal, the narrow crystal crystal Refers to colorless transparent varieties.

(1) The basic nature of the crystal is a three -party crystal system. The common crystals are columnar, and the main single shape is six -square column, diamond surface, columnar, and columnar. Crystal is a axis crystal positive light, with a unique cattle eye interference diagram, the refractive index is 1.544-1.553, the double refractive index is 0.009, very stable, no syndrome, shell -shaped fracture, the fracture can have fat luster, Mobi hardness 7, density density, density, density, density, density, density 2.65g / cm g 3 stir. Crystal is usually colorless and transparent, but there can be a variety of colors when containing impurities. According to the color, the crystals can be divided into amethyst, yellow crystal, and smoke crystal.

(2) Crystal varieties and appraisal crystals: colorless transparent pure silicon crystals, which can be rich in parcels, common negative crystals, fluid wraps, solid parcels Essence Negative crystals are an important basis for determining natural crystals. Clear red stone, electrical stones, and yang stones are arranged in the quartz crystal in the solid bag wrap. Forming a beautiful picture has become an ornamental stone that people love.

Trame: A purple crystal, which is caused by trace iron in SIO2. After radicals, one of the electrons in the electronic shell of the three -valent iron ion is stimulated, and the acupuncture points are generated, and the acupuncture points are generated. The color heart Feo 4 stir 4, the cave is mainly produced and absorbed at the visible light 550nm, and the crystal produces purple, but Fe 攩 4-unstable, it is easy to become a three-price iron, so the amethyst is easy to fade, purple, purple, purple, purple, purple The color distribution of the crystal is often uneven, with a block shape, and sometimes a parallel band. It is weak to medium -color, and may appear in the crystal, and there may be characteristic "zebra patterns" and spherical and small drop opaque dark color bodies.

This crystal: a cigarette color to tan and even black crystal. The ingredients contain a small amount of aluminum. Al 攩 3 mixing ions instead of Si 攩 4 mixing ions.穴 4-Stir 4 cave color heart, and make the crystal smoke. After heating, smoke crystals can become colorless crystals.

yellow crystals: a yellow crystal, which contains a small amount of iron. Yellow crystals are generally more transparent, and the internal characteristics are the same as the amethyst. Most of the yellow crystals on the market are heated by theme.

green crystal: a green crystal, rarely produced naturally, mainly obtained by themes of themes; or the crystal contains green minerals (such as green mud stone) bodies.

Frhogest stone: Also known as rose quartz, light to medium pink crystal, shallow tone, due to the small amount of MN and TI in the ingredients, less single crystals, usually dense blocks, usually dense blocks The shape of the collection, showing a turbid milk -like appearance, sometimes it can contain a needle -shaped gold red stone bun, so it can be grinded into arc gemstone to display starlight.

The two -color crystal: a crystal of purple and yellow coexistence, purple and yellow occupy a part of the crystal block, respectively. Caused, purple and yellow developed in the R and Z faces of the dual -crystal monomers, respectively. Quartz cat's eye: When the crystal contains a large number of parallel fibrous wraps, the surface of the curved gemstone can display the cat's eye effect. Generally, the arc surface of the quartz cat's eye is high, and the fiber -shaped bag is clearly visible.

Starlight crystal: When the crystal contains two or more directional arrangement arranged, the arc -shaped gem surface can display the star light effect, generally six shots of starlight, or can also have it. Four shots.

2. The polycrystalline SiO2 quality jade composition is mainly the jade of the fine -grained quartz, which can contain a small amount of cloud mother minerals, red iron ore, knitting iron ore, etc. During the enlarged inspection, quartz is a typical granular structure, with a particle size of 0.01-0.6mm. The collection body is blocking, slightly transparent to translucent, and density is similar to single -crystal quartz. It is 2.64-2.71g / cm 攩 3. The refractive index of the point test method is about 1.54. It contains small non -ferrous mineral wraps and color. Common varieties are:

Dongling Stone: It is a quartz rock with sand and golden stones. The common green east stone containing chromium cloud mother on the market is slightly transparent under the microscope, which is mainly produced in the microscope, which is mainly produced in the microscope, which is mainly produced in the microscope. It is mainly produced in the microscope and is mainly produced in the microscope. India. The quartz particles are relatively thicker, 0.1-0.6mm, and the sheets contained in it are relatively large, and they are roughly oriented. The Charles filtering mirror is slightly brown red.

The jade: It is named because it is produced in Midian County, Henan Province. It is a dense quartz rock containing 3 to 5 % small scales. , Bean green and so on. Compared with Dongling Stone, dense jade is more delicate and dense. The size of the quartz particles is mainly 0.02 to 0.25mm, and there is no obvious sandy stone effect. During the enlarged check, you can see the small green cloud mother uniformly distributed in a higher multiplier. Guicui: It is named after being produced in Guizhou Province. It is a fine -grained quartz rock containing green kaolin stone. It is green with uneven gray tones and is generally used for low -end jewelry.

Ne Jingbai Jade: It is named because it was originally produced in the suburbs of Beijing. It is a white quartz rock with delicate texture and luster. Sometimes it is used to impersonate sheep fat and white jade. The refractive index is different.

"Malaysian Jade": It is a dyed green quartz rock with a fine structure, which is often used to impersonate emerald. The typical granular structure and relatively low refractive index are different from emerald under amplifying conditions. The national standard (GB / T16553-1996) has stipulated that this name is not used without using this name.
3. Cultivation crystal SIO2 jade cryptocrystalline collection, which is fully bright under orthogonal polarization, dense structure, can also be spherical, radial or fine fiber -shaped sets, low density, low quartz, dots The refractive index is 1.53, and the density is 6.5 ～ 7.0g / cm 攩 3. It mainly includes four varieties: chalcedony, agate, jasper, and Australian jade.

Chalcedony: super -display micro -cryptocrystalline quartz set, single crystal is fibrous, filled with water and bubbles in the micropores between grains, density is lower than quartz, about 2.60g / cm 攩 3 stirred Essence Due to the pores of the chalcedony, the dyeing is easier, and the bright chalcedony in the market is dyed. It is worth mentioning that the color of the chalcedony after dyeing is relatively stable, and it is also a low -grade jade. The national standard regulations are optimized and no need to explain.

Agate: The chalcedony with a ring -shaped structure is sometimes empty and sometimes filled with crystal. The most common natural color of agate is white and gray. Brown -red, blue, light purple and so on. The basic nature of agate is the same as the chalcedony. According to the characteristics of the bag, the color distribution has the following special varieties.

This Agate: It is a uniform, translucent green green muddy or black manganese oxide, red iron oxide. The wrapped impurities are often moss. They are generally used as ornamental stones, also called landscape agate, which are valuable varieties in agate.

缟 缟: also known as agate, which is a relatively simple color and a relatively straight agate. Usually used for stone carvings and reliefs. Common agate can have black bands, or red and white strips. When the barbers are thin as silk, they are called entangled agate.

Thisyin agate: It is a variety of gas -liquid wraps that can be seen in the naked eye, and the agate gas liquid wrap can be appreciated.

Jade: It is a chalcedony with more impurities. The most important impurities are iron oxide. Therefore, jasper is often red, but there are also green, dark blue or black because of other impurities. of. The jasper is opaque and the luster is dim. A different color strip, the color block reflects each other, like a beautiful natural landscape, the jasper is called the landscape jasper; a jasper with red dots on it is called blood drops.

Aao Jade: It is a green chalcedony. It is green because it contains trace nickels. The color is evenly transparent to translucent. It is mainly produced in Australia.

4. The jade explained by SIO2 is a quartz -quality jade that is made of SiO2, but retains the shape of the original material. Important varieties are woody and siliconized wood.

Neramus: It is the product of the SiO2 or all to explain the blue asbestos, and the product of the fiber -shaped asbestos crystal is named after the texture and color of the wood grain. The wood transformer is opaque, the hardness is 6.5 to 7.0, the density is 2.64 ～ 2.71g / cm 攩 3 stirred, the refractive index is 1.54 ～ 1.55 (point). The colors are yellow -brown, brown, blue -gray, blue -green. Blue is the color of the residual blue flashed stone cotton. Woodstone is divided into tiger -eyed stones, eagle -eye stones and other varieties.

The tiger's eyes are yellow, yellow -brown woody stones, and the surface of the finished product can be shiny. When the fiber of the tiger's eyes is thinner and the arrangement is more neat, the surface of the arc -shaped gemstone can be available. Cat eye effects appear.

The eagle -eye stones are woody, gray -blue wood -based woody stones. The SiO2 explains inadequate, and there are more residual blue asbestos.

Silicized wood: When SIO2 explains the trunk buried in the ground millions of years ago, and retains the product of the trunk shape and its fibrous structure, it is called siliconized wood. The chemical composition is mainly SIO2. Often Including impurities and colors such as Fe, CA are soil yellow, light yellow, yellow brown, etc., which are opaque. Hardness is 6.5 to 7.0, density of 2.65 ～ 2.91g / cm 攩 3, the refractive index of the point test method is 1.53. Those with bright colors, strong luster, clear wooden structure, and dense texture.

5. Non -crystal SIO2 Gardena Jade Non -crystal SiO2 Gold jade includes Obo and natural glass.

(1) Opal (OPAL) originally from Latin Opalus, which means the middle point of "gemstone is beautiful". Today, Opal is listed as October birth stone by the gem world. Opal is a precious protein stone with a variant effect. The chemical composition is SIO2 · NH2O. Although it does not have a duplicate structure unique to the crystal, its internal structure is still orderly. SiO2 small balls are arranged in the three -dimensional space rules to form a diffraction grating. In addition, due to the different diameter of small balls, different color spots will be produced. Turn the gemstone, and the light incident angle changes, and the color of each stain will change, that is, the color is changed. Due to the different forms of transparency, body color, and color change, it can be divided into three categories:

Black Opal: It is a kind of black, gray -black, dark blue, brown Opal The ideal. Due to the darker body color, the reflection of various colors is particularly magnificent, and the output of Black Opal is scarce. Therefore, its price is the highest among the Opal gemstones and is one of the precious gems.

The white Opal: Opa who changes color on white or light gray bases is generally translucent and lighter. It is the most common type of Opal. Huo Ou: transparent to translucent, sometimes changing color, sometimes there is no change in color. The body color is yellow to orange -yellow. Because the color tone is enthusiastic and dynamic, it is loved by most Americans.

I due to the water content of European, the hardness is 5-6.5. Generally, it is a necklace hanging, earrings, and brooches. Change the color.

(2) Natural glass: Natural glass refers to the glass formed under natural conditions. The ingredients are dominated by amplifier SIO2. In addition, it also contains a small amount of Al2O3, Feo, Fe2O3, Na2O, K2O, etc. Glass luster, opaque to translucent, orthodontic polarizing mirror is all black, manifested as light average body, but common wave -shaped shape is abnormal and light. The density is 2.33 ～ 2.46g / cm 攩 3 stirred, which is more stable. Natural glass that can be used as a gem has volcanic glass and meteorite glass.

Probe glass: It is the product of the rapid condensation of the acidic volcanic lava. The name of the mineral is obscetsery. The SiO2 content is 60-75 %, which can be black, brown, gray, blue, yellow, red, etc. Sometimes the color is uneven, with white or other mixed plaques, which are shaped like snow -like, and are called "snowflake -like obsses".

The meteorite glass: It is a natural glass caused by meteorite. It is formed by the quartz meteorite after falling into the atmosphere. It is often transparent green, green brown or brown.

Below to introduce the identification of other gems by the way:
The optimization treatment and identification of diamonds

The optimization of diamonds mainly refers to the use of various physical methods (radioactivity (radioactiveability Floid and high temperature treatment), improve those colors that are not loved (such as light yellow, light brown and brown), and get popular white or other colors (yellow, green, blue, red): Second, use laser to use laser The technology is processed to clarify the parcel in the diamond.

1. The past and the present
in fact, the optimization of diamond color optimization treatment has a long history of optimization of diamond color. It is known that when the diamond is inlaid, the thin foil is placed at the bottom to improve its color, or it is applied to the surface of the diamond or the waist edges on the surface of the diamond or the lumbar bond with vegetable staining agent and ink to improve its color. In 1905, British chemist William CROOKES discovered the phenomenon of diamonds buried in the radium. This is the beginning of radioactive radiation modification. By 1932, people finally found a way to improve the color and effective way to make the diamond color improve and avoid radioactiveness.
At present, the methods of radiation change are mainly:
(1) Lama illuminating treatment (α particles) (faster coloring in the pillar);
(2) artificial element 镅Radiation treatment (α particles); after radiation, diamond stones can be strongly cleaned, and there can be no radioactive traces;
(3) Rotal accelerator processing (proton, cricket nuclear, α particles); acceleration with rotation generates high -speed high -speed acceleration generate The above particles of the exercise to bombard diamonds to make it color;
(4) linear accelerator (high -energy electrons);
(5) nuclear reactor treatment (high energy neutron);
of which two of them are the two of them are the two of them are. It is more commonly used, especially the color distribution of diamonds obtained by nuclear reactors is evenly distributed. It is worth noting that the sample must be cooled in advance when using an accelerator to prevent the heat generated by radiation to cause the diamond to suddenly heat up and cause the heat oscillation and break the sample. Most of the treatment objects are type IA. The results of the radiation are generally green, blue -green, and then heated to get yellow -green, strong yellow, orange or orange brown; Get pink or purple; the final process of type II diamonds is brown.
The thermal treatment is generally accompanied by radical treatment. There are not many cases of heat treatment alone. Previous people had a separate heat treatment to turn the IA diamond into vivid yellow. Research records of mutual transformation of diamond. The key to separate heat treatment is the control of temperature and the matching of the atmosphere.
The research on the use of absorbing spectra, electronic cosmetic coexistence and infrared spectrums of Hunan Sand Mine Vales showed that the color of color diamonds such as yellow, green, and brown is the producer Calm empty position. The experiment was found in the center of solitary nitrogen (≥2.22EV); N3-N2 Center (2.985EV, 2.596EV); GR1 Center (1.673EV); 595 Center (2.086EV); H3 and H4 Center (2.463EV and 2.499EV); 3H Center (2.462EV). The color of the diamonds of this zone is due to the combination of combination. The color of its yellow or brown diamond is due to the superposition of a variety of colors. This conclusion is basically the same as the research results of Chen Feng, Guo Jiuli and others of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. Although the color transformation of the diamonds in this area is variant, as long as it is clear, the color, control of temperature, pressure, and atmosphere can completely improve the grade of diamonds. At the same time, we have hydrogen bonds in cash migrants in the experiment. Its specific existence (C-H, H2O, or OH) is unclear. It is believed that it is the third color impurities element in addition to n and B in diamonds. Work is in progress.
CVD coating is a new technique for optimization of diamond color. Generally, the chemical gas deposition method of the IA -type face -to -face diamond is plated with a layer of thicker to dozens of microns. Natural blue diamond.

2. Drilling method of radical treatment
For the green, blue, yellow, orange, pink, and brown diamonds obtained by artificial irradiation with heat treatment, you can consider it from the following aspects Identification.
(1) spectral characteristics
1956 Researchers at GIA found that the diamonds that were displaced and heated were absorbed at 595nm, while natural diamonds did not. (Greater than 1000 ° C) can disappear, but there will be new absorption of two places: 1963nm and 2024nm. Therefore, any absorption peak at 595nm, 1936nm, and 2024nm is the diagnostic line of artificial radiation.
The yellow diamond color for artificial radiation is caused by the center of H3 (causing 503nm absorption peaks) and H4 center (causing 496nm absorption peak), and generally H4 is the main peak of 496nm. Natural yellow diamonds are often H3, showing 503nm strong peaks. Because H4 is caused by the B nitrogen collection, IA -type diamonds that do not contain B nitrogen sets will not produce a 496nm strong belt after artificial radiation.
Manic pink diamonds to show 595nm and 637nm absorption cables, and fluorescence wiring can be seen at 570nm. Natural -color pink diamonds mainly show 563nm broadband.
A blue diamonds on the coating on IA diamonds often show the N3 center and 415nm absorption zone, while the natural blue diamond is caused by boron color, and the 415nm absorption peak will not be displayed.
(2) Color distribution Features:
Promes with artificial radiation color often show the ribbon that is not related to its structure, such as an umbrella -shaped shadow around the pavilion, the dark band surrounded by the crown and a one The phenomenon of shallow side of the side, these distribution features are clearer in observation in oil.
cvd blue diamonds can see white irregularities under its waist and edge under the microscope.
(3) Radioxidity detection
The method of lighting the negatives or a leather counter can detect obvious residual radioactivity. Using high -pure 射 -rayer spectrum, sodium iodide γ -ray detector and flash detector can detect trace residue radioactivity.
(4) Conductivity detection
Natural blue diamonds are semiconductors. The number of reading on the conductors is generally 20-70V, rarely higher than 130V, while CVD coating blue diamonds often display higher than 130V. reading.

3. Optimization treatment of diamond clarity -fissure filling
In addition to color optimization, trying to improve its clarity is also an important aspect of diamond optimization treatment.
The parcels and cracks in natural diamonds affect its clarity. People use the characteristics of laser high energy and fine light beams to remove the parcels inside the diamond to improve their net degree.
The 1980s Yahuda invented the diamond fissure filling technology. They first poured a laser to the dark parcel inside the diamond, dissolved the inner content with strong acid, and then filled the holes with other substances with similar refractive indexes. After the filled diamonds, the clarity can increase the level of 2-3. There are two types of filling materials: one is "colorful light charging". This traditional filling method is to use drilling glass as the filling material. The previous seven -color light, always presenting two adjacent colors (such as yellow -green, blue purple, etc.) in colorful light. The other is colorless light filling. The crack does not show double -colored light due to filling. It is a new filling material composed of C, H, O and other elements. Researchers believe that it is a transparent gum. Because there is no longer color light at this filling crack, it is difficult to be found and more concealed.
gems and radioactivity

In order to improve the color of the gem, people use various means to manually handle the treasure jade to meet the various needs of different people on the jade jade. It is one of the methods used. But as soon as they came into contact with the "nuclear technology", people first thought of radioactive problems, and even doubted the safety of artificially treated treasure jade.
In fact, in people's living space, nuclear radiation is ubiquitous. People are affected by nuclear radiation at different degrees of life. Around our, the building materials of soil, air, water, food, and living rooms all contain a certain native radioactive nuclein, cosmic rays from the outer space, and the outer space. As well as the interaction of cosmic rays and high -level atmosphere interaction, ugly radioactive nuclein, etc., are naturally existing natural ionizing radiation sources. In addition, there is a certain number of artificial ionization radiation sources. Such as radioactive dust produced by nuclear weapon tests, radioactive "three wastes" from sectors using or producing radioactive nucleo, as well as nuclear instruments and devices used in various departments of the national economy, such as accelerators, cobalt sources, γ probe, β -measurement Houyi, χ ray machines, and luminous watches used in daily life will emit different degrees of rays. The radiation dose of natural radiation and artificial radiation to the people is called the dosage of the people. The natural base radiation of the national citizens in my country accounts for 93.4%, followed by medical irradiation, accounting for about 4.21%of the total dose.
Radifying decay is occurred in the nucleus, which has nothing to do with environmental changes such as temperature, pressure, and humidity. It is because of the characteristics of radioactivity that it has been widely used in modern industries. The application of medical, military, environmental protection and other fields has also received more and more attention. Materials (including gems) with nuclear technology (including gems) are only one aspect of its application. There are three types of radiation methods used for gemstone optimization treatment: 1. Raiders with charged particles, which are more commonly used for high -energy electronic radiation; 2. γ spoke According to the use of cobalt 60 as the source of γ, it is also called cobalt source irradiation; 3. Reactor's neutron irradiated, charged particle irradiation is the use of high -energy electronic acceleration to generate high -energy electronic beam sprays gems, which usually generates produced. The radioactivity is small or the half -life is very short. After a short time, the gem after the radiation will not affect the wearer after a short time. γ radiation does not induce radiation activity, and uses the reactor neutron to radiate the gemstone. The variety of gems, the internal impurities and the scores of the radiation are different. Naruto, slow neutron and hot neutrons, the hot neutron will activate some atoms in the gemstone and produce high sensitivity. If the half -life is long, the gem after the radiation must be Placement can be put on the market until its radioactivity level reaches safety standards, otherwise it is not safe to wear this gem. Due to the obvious differences between the color of different radiation methods in the treasure jade, there are market demand, so the method of using radiation to treat the treasure jade is still adopted, but the method of refactor the middle of the reactor, some units, some units. No longer use.
The objects containing radioactin, due to the characteristics of radioactive nucleo, can spontaneously release rays, introduce the concept of dosage in order to measure the degree of action of ray on the material. The amount of drugs used is called the dose of drugs, and how much radioactive irradiation the human body has received, the concept of absorbing dosage is proposed in the amount of radiation. The amount of radiation of ionizing radiation energy, that is, how much the energy of the particle grant unit quality and material, the absorption dose cannot reflect the different situations of the biological effect, that is, the absorption dose is the same, because the radiation type (α, β, γ neutral) or the radiation conditions The biological effects generated by different (internal and external illumination, irradiation of different parts) are different. The public is concerned about the biological effects of the human body after being illuminated. ), Referred to as Greek (SV). These are commonly used from the perspective of radioactive protection, and any radioactive nucleo itself has a certain activity. Becquree, referred to as BQ (BQ). If the radiation source occurs once a second, it is 1 shell. The above international units have been discussed and recommended by the International Radiation Unit and the Surveying Commission (ICRU) and the International Radiation Protection Council (ICRP) by the International Radiation Unit. Essence In order to facilitate the comparison of the old and new radiation and the unit, some of the above -mentioned new and old relationships are listed in the table below.

The volume of unit symbol conversion relationship
Name symbols The current international system
. The limited name used to use unit
100rad
The dose equivalent H SV (SV) Rem (Rem) 1sv = 100REM
Cucting A. n
The processing treatment of treasure jade with nuclear technology is just an artificial treatment method to make the treasure jade more magnificent and colorful. The problem is also a moral issue. Unfortunately, it has not yet formulated recognized allowable standards internationally internationally. For reference, the total allowable radiation activity of Topa Stone is 25 sheets, and it contains it. Different nucleoin also makes different activity restrictions. The principle is that the half -life, the stricter limit, for example, the activity of the 铯 CS137 nucleo is limited to 1 shell.
It today, the level of material and spiritual living has been greatly improved, the residual radioactivity problems of gems treated with radiation methods are increasingly valued by people. Selling gemstone treated with radiation methods must not only have irradiated color to change color changes. The sign of the logo must also have a promise of residual radiation lower than the safety standard.
Molying radioactive knowledge, strengthening radiation protection education, helping the development and utilization of nuclear technology, reducing the public's sense of horror of nuclear energy, and comprehensive and scientific application of nuclear facilities and their products.
The synthetic diamond

The new member of the long -awaited synthetic crystal family -synthetic diamonds will enter the international market. According to the latest reports of Asian Jewelery Magazine, during the Jewelry Trade Fair held in Hong Kong and Thailand in September this year, Mr. Krack, president of the American Jemossez, disclosed to Asian Jewelry Magazine that the company's synthetic diamonds will be put on in January next year. Thai market.
Mimicis, located in Florida, through cooperation with the University of Florida (the University of Florida occupied stocks in the company), digesting and improved the production synthetic diamond technology introduced from Russia in 1996 Finally, in September 1999, colorful and colorless synthetic diamonds were produced.
Monogly production of synthetic diamond technology is some natural diamond fragments. The production equipment used by the company is designed and manufactured by itself. The cost of each set of equipment is about 330 to 380,000 yuan. It takes at least 50 hours to produce one carat synthetic diamond crystal. Due to the small scale and long growth cycle, the monthly output so far is only 50 to 100 capsules. The first batch of colorless synthetic diamond crystals weighs 1.3 ～ 1.6 carats, colorful synthetic diamond crystals weigh 5 carats, and face weight is 0.5 to 1.5 carats. The color of colorless synthetic diamonds is G to J, and the cleanliness is VVS2 ~ VS1. The colors of colored synthetic diamond crystals are blue, green, pink, yellow and black.
Mimisis has cooperated with some jewelry manufacturers in Thailand to decide to process and inlay synthetic diamond crystals before being sold. As the scale of synthetic diamond production continues to expand, Jimmysis will also sell crystals and face -to -face, and plans to put products in Russia, the Middle East and the United States. The price of synthetic diamonds is between synthetic silicon carbide (a synthetic crystal that is similar to diamonds) and natural diamonds. Essence
The secrets of synthetic carbon silica

The as if it was overnight. Almost all places involved in diamonds will bring synthetic carbon silica (Synthetic). Silicon and diamonds are amazing. Some diamond merchants have made advertisements that "we have no synthetic carbon silica here" and "100%natural diamonds". The US C3 company has a huge sum of money to advertise and develop the market. , What is the synthetic carbon silica, how to quickly identify, what will happen in the future?

What is the synthetic carbon silica
The latest generation of diamonds is a new laboratory synthetic gemstone, entered the market in June 1998. Its hardness and thermal conductivity are second only to diamonds, and the refractive index is higher than that of diamonds. Although carbon silica exists in nature, it is extremely rare. It only appears in meteorite, goldbelie and carbonate. The particle size is small and cannot be used as gem processing. Diamond imitation products usually only imitate the one or two technical indicators of diamonds, and the gloss, brightness, fire color of the synthetic carbon silica are very similar to the diamond, and the simulation even exceeds the current best diamond substitute -synthetic cubic oxidation zirconium. C3 company promotes it is the best partner of diamonds.
The raw material for synthetic carbon silica is the United States Cori Research Company. It is a global leader of electronic instruments made by development, manufacturing, and marketing. Laser, etc., it has 47 colleges?/CA>
Reference materials: /Techforum/content/150/525593.shtml

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