jewelry wholesale china cheap Why is the global mint in the United States?

wholesale jewelry lebanon The reason why the US dollar is God Coin is the first time in history as a banknote used by other countries as its own currency. The US dollar ended the era of precious metal (gold, silver -based) cubes system. gold)! Global oil trade and commodity trade are settled in the US dollar. The international currency exchange rate is calculated against the US dollar. The economy can catch a cold!
I is also called the US dollar hegemony. To understand the US dollar hegemony, we must know the Bretton Forest system.
The Bretton Woods System refers to the international monetary system centered on the US dollar after World War II. In July 1944, the representatives of major Western countries established the system at the UN International Monetary Financial Conference. Because the meeting was held in the Bretton Forest, New Hampshire, the United States, it was called the "Bretton Forest System." As a supplement to the Bretton Forest Conference in 1944, and the various agreements passed by the Bretton Forest Conference, it is collectively referred to as the "Bretton Forest System", that is, the multilateral economy with foreign exchange liberalization, capital liberalization and trade liberalization into the main content The system that constitutes the core content of the capitalist group is a system that realizes the US economic hegemony in accordance with the principle of US interests. The establishment of the Bretton Forest system has promoted the recovery and development of the post -war capitalist world economy.
"Bretton Forest System" has established two international financial institutions of the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank. The former is responsible for providing short -term funds to member states to ensure the stability of the international monetary system; the latter provides medium and long -term credit to promote the economic recovery of member states.
The main contents of the "Bretton Forest System" include the following points:
First, the dollar is linked to gold. Countries confirmed that the US $ 35 of the United States in January 1944, the gold official price of $ 35 per ounce, the gold content of each dollar was 0.888671 grams of gold. Governments or central banks can exchange gold to the United States at an official price for US dollars. In order to make the official price of gold from being impacted by the price of the free market, governments need to cooperate with the US government to maintain this golden official price in the international financial market.
Secondly, the currency of other countries is linked to the US dollar. Governments of other countries stipulate the gold content of their respective currencies, and determine the exchange rate of the US dollar through the proportion of gold content.
third, the adjustable fixed exchange rate is implemented. The International Monetary Fund Agreement stipulates that the exchange rate of currencies against the US dollar
can only fluctuate within 1%of the statutory exchange rate. If the market exchange rate exceeds 1%of the statutory exchange rate, governments of various countries have the obligation to intervene in the foreign exchange market to maintain the stability of the exchange rate. If the legal exchange rate of the member states is more than 10%, it must be approved by the International Monetary Fund. In December 1971, the transformation of this periodic exchange rate was expanded to a range of 2.25%up and down, and the standard of "parity" was determined from gold to a special withdrawal right. The exchange rate system of the Bretton Forest System is called "adjustable nailing exchange rate system".
The principle of currency exchange and international payment settlement principles. The "Agreement" stipulates the principles of the freedom of currency in various countries: any member states have accumulated the domestic currency accumulated in other member states in the current projects, if the other party pays the regular currency to the country's currency. Considering the actual situation of various countries, the Agreement has made the "transition period". The "Agreement" stipulates the principle of international payment settlement: without the consent of the fund organization, the member states shall not restrict the payment or liquidation of the international revenue and expenditure projects.
Fifth, determine international reserve assets. The provisions on currency parity in the "Agreement" make the US dollar in the position of equivalent gold, becoming the most important international reserve currency in foreign exchange reserves in various countries.
The sixth, adjustment of international income and expenditure. 25%of the International Monetary Fund's share states shall be paid by gold or exchanged for gold, and the rest are paid by their national currencies. When a member country has an international revenue and expenditure deficit, the domestic currency can be used to purchase a certain amount of foreign exchange (that is, borrowing) to the fund organization in accordance with the prescribed procedures, and repay the loan by purchasing the Chinese currency within the prescribed time. The larger the share of the member states, the more loans get. Loans are limited to the use of international revenue and expenditure deficits, that is, the payment of frequent projects.
The frequent outbreak of the US dollar crisis and the US economic crisis, and the contradictory of the system itself, the system was announced in 1973.
The Bretton Forest Conference held at the end of World War II will be established as the benchmark currency of international trade financing by the reliable currency US dollar supported by gold. Other countries have stared at the US dollar with rarely changing fixed exchange rates. The goal of the fixed exchange rate system is to maintain the integrity of the trade country and prevent it from falling into a long -term trade deficit. People did not expect that it would dominate the living standards of trading countries, because the latter was measured by many other factors outside the exchange rate. It is for this reason that the Breton Forest system formed under the traditional wisdom of the international economics community does not consider the flow of multinational capital required for world trade financing. Since 1971, the US dollar has shifted from a gold -supported currency to an American, and only the United States can arbitrarily issue global reserve currency tools. At the same time, the United States continues to withstand regular project deficits and fiscal deficits. The US dollar under the Bretton Forest system has a profound impact on the US hegemony and the post -war world economy.
The dollar hegemony is essentially a geopolitical phenomenon, that is, the role of the first reserve currency of the international financial system structure as a US dollar that does not fulfill the banknote. Specifically, since 1971, the status of the US dollar's reserve currency has not been based on gold, but only based on the geopolitical strength of all key products that forced all key products at the US dollar price.

whats hot jewelry wholesale The United States has never had a global coinage right, and the US dollar is just because everyone is recognized as the world currency.